Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1 is a Ca2?-binding peptide produced by activated monocytes and microglial cells. It has been suggested that AIF-1 expression is associated with chronic inflammatory processes. AIF-1, like the Ca2?-binding peptides MRP8 and MRP14, is expressed by activated monocytes and might participate in a variety of pathogenic processes in the mammalian brain and in chronic transplant rejection. It has been shown to be expressed early and persistently in chronically rejecting cardiac allografts but not in cardiac syngrafts and host hearts. The recently described apoptosis-inducing factor AIF is not related to AIF-1. Application: IHC (p), FACS, Western Blot